Philosophy of Science: A Very Short Introduction (Very Short Introductions) by Okasha Samir

Author:Okasha, Samir [Okasha, Samir]
Language: eng
Format: epub, azw3, mobi
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Published: 2002-05-29T16:00:00+00:00

11. Kekule arrived at the hypothesis of the hexagonal structure of benzene after a dream in which he saw a snake trying to bite its own tail.

Another important theme in positivist philosophy of science was the distinction between theories and observational facts; this is related transmitted from parents to – A to the observable/unobservable distinction discussed in the previous chapter. The positivists believed that disputes between rival scientific theories could be solved in a perfectly objective way – by comparing the theories directly with the ‘neutral’ observational facts, which all parties could accept. The positivists disagreed between themselves about how exactly this set of neutral facts should be characterized, but they were adamant that it existed. Without a clear distinction between theories and observational facts, the rationality and objectivity of science would be compromised, and the positivists were resolute in their belief that science was rational and objective.

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